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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

　　资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

名家齐聚北京新年音乐会******

　　花团锦簇的北京新年音乐会现场。国家大剧院供图

　　2022年12月31日晚，国家大剧院音乐厅内花团锦簇，气氛温暖热烈，在2023到来之际，北京新年音乐会如约而至。国家大剧院音乐艺术总监吕嘉执棒国家大剧院管弦乐团、合唱团，携手吕思清、袁晨野、张立萍、赵聪、于红梅、程皓如、朱强、郑潇、薛皓垠、王鹤翔、张文沁、胡越等艺术家，为线上线下观众共同呈现多部中外艺术精品。

　　在吕嘉的指挥下，国家大剧院管弦乐团与合唱团首先奏响了《红旗颂》，这也是北京新年音乐会延续15年的开场曲目。波澜壮阔的乐曲之后，京剧、古筝、二胡、琵琶轮番响起。京剧演员朱强与郑潇共同唱响京剧与乐队新作《多娇的江山》，古筝演奏家程皓如、二胡演奏家于红梅分别与乐团合作《小河淌水随想曲》及《引子、吟腔与快板》，琵琶演奏家赵聪携手乐团以一曲《福吉天长》当中的第三乐章“笑天长”，表达了对祖国和人民最美好、最深情的祈福。

　　除了呈现中国的优秀作品，音乐会还演绎了众多世界经典音乐。吕嘉指挥乐团奏响的《纽伦堡的名歌手》第一幕前奏曲是很多乐迷都印象深刻的保留作品，男中音歌唱家袁晨野唱响歌剧《卡门》中的“斗牛士之歌”，女高音歌唱家张立萍带来充满节日气息的《春之声圆舞曲》，薛皓垠、王鹤翔、张文沁、胡越4位歌唱家合作上演歌剧《弄臣》选段“自从那天见到你”。

　　随后，小提琴演奏家吕思清与乐团合作呈现的《阳光照耀着塔什库尔干》，将现场气氛推向高潮。在《我的祖国》和歌剧《阿依达》气宇轩昂的“凯旋进行曲”中，音乐会进入尾声。最后的返场环节中，艺术家们为北京这座双奥之城准备了一份特别的音乐礼物——《我和你》加《雪花》双奥主题曲联奏，将大家的思绪带回2008年和2022年的闪光时刻。在热烈的气氛中，艺术家们还加演了歌剧《茶花女》中的“饮酒歌”和《我和我的祖国》。

　　回望2022，虽然曾与舞台现场短暂阔别，但演出行业的暖春终将到来，这场具有特殊意义的新年音乐会不仅传递了祝福，更是对未来的展望。据了解，2023年，位于北京城市副中心的国家大剧院·北京艺术中心将正式开幕运营，届时，国家大剧院将迎来“一院三址”新格局，向公众提供更多元的公共文化服务，让更多民众感受到艺术的魅力。郑 娜

　　（文图：赵筱尘 巫邓炎）